意大利，参与调查的女同有68.9%承认过去一年实施过暴力。澳大利亚，语言暴力43.7% 身体暴力29.3% 性暴力16.9%。

此外，其它非异性恋女性遭家暴的风险也高于异性恋，还发现少数族裔的家暴率高于白人。AI总结：

[1]同语. 中国性少数群体家庭暴力研究报告[R]. 2015.
[2]Lin Kai, Hu Ran, Wang Xiying, Xue Jia. Female Same-Sex Bidirectional Intimate Partner Violence in China[J]. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 2020, 37(9-10):NP6881–NP6902
[3] Badenes-Ribera L , Frias-Navarro D , Bonilla-Campos A ,et al. Intimate Partner Violence in Self-identified Lesbians: a Meta-analysis of its Prevalence[J]. Sexuality Research & Social Policy, 2015, 12(1):47-59.
[4] Tognasso, G., Trombetta, T., Gorla, L., Ramon, S., Santona, A., Rollè, L.. Romantic Attachment, Internalized Homonegativity, and Same-Sex Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration Among Lesbian Women in Italy[J]. Frontiers in psychology, 2022,13:870921.
[5]Hill A.O., Bourne A., McNair R., Carman M., Lyons A.. Private Lives 3: The health and wellbeing of LGBTIQ people in Australia[M]. ARCSHS Monograph Series No. 122. Melbourne, Australia: Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society, La Trobe University, 2020.
[6]Porsch, L. M. , Xu, M. , Veldhuis, C. B. , Bochicchio, L. A. , Zollweg, S. S. , Hughes, T. L.. Intimate Partner Violence Among Sexual Minority Women: A Scoping Review[J]. Trauma, violence & abuse, 2024, 24(5):3014–3036.

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美国这个数据有水分，以后还是别举出来了

所以家暴都不是男性的专属行为，而是一个家庭“强势”的那一方的行为